Step by Step Explanation:
Digital signatures provide non-repudiation, ensuring that the sender cannot deny signing a transaction. This mechanism ties the transaction to the entity through cryptographic assurance.
Federation involves identity management and authentication but does not address non-repudiation.
Key escrow is used for securely storing encryption keys and is unrelated to transaction agreements.
Salting hashes enhances password security but does not support transactional non-repudiation.
[Reference: CASP+ Exam Objectives 2.3 – Apply cryptographic techniques to ensure non-repudiation., , , , ]
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