According to Article 9 of the GDPR, special category data is personal data that needs more protection because it is sensitive. The GDPR defines 10 types of personal data as special categories, which are:
personal data revealing racial or ethnic origin;
personal data revealing political opinions;
personal data revealing religious or philosophical beliefs;
personal data revealing trade union membership;
genetic data;
biometric data (where used for identification purposes);
data concerning health;
data concerning a person’s sex life; and
data concerning a person’s sexual orientation.
Among the answer choices, only option B falls under one of these categories, as trade union membership is considered to reveal political opinions or beliefs. Option A, C and D are not considered as special category data, as they do not reveal any sensitive information about the data subject. However, they are still subject to the general principles and rules of the GDPR, such as lawfulness, fairness, transparency, accuracy, security, etc. References:
Special category data | ICO
Art. 9 GDPR Processing of special categories of personal data
Special Categories of Data - International Association of Privacy Professionals
[Reference: https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-protection/guide-to-the-general-data-protection- regulation-gdpr/lawful-basis-for-processing/special-category-data/#:~:text=The%20GDPR%20defines% 20special%20category%20data%20as%3A&text=personal%20data%20revealing%20trade%20union,used% 20for%20identification%20purposes)%3B, ]
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