Knee valgus is the inward collapse of the knees toward the midline during movement, often seen in squats or jumps. The NASM CPT7 Study Guide defines adduction as movement toward the midline of the body in the frontal plane.
This faulty movement pattern typically indicates overactivity in muscles such as the adductor complex and tensor fascia latae, combined with underactivity in the gluteus medius and maximus. The opposite, abduction, would be knees moving outward. Supination and external rotation refer to foot/ankle and rotational movements, not frontal plane knee movement. Thus, knee valgus is classified as adduction.
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