NASM defines strength as the ability of the neuromuscular system to produce internal tension to overcome an external force. This is distinct from stability (ability to maintain postural control), endurance (ability to sustain a force for a prolonged time), and power (ability to produce force quickly).
Strength adaptations occur when muscles are challenged with sufficient resistance, leading to improved recruitment of motor units, greater muscle fiber size, and increased force production capacity. The focus is on maximal tension generation, not necessarily the speed of movement (as with power).
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