Pernicious anemia results from vitamin B12 deficiency due to lack of intrinsic factor. This can result from
inadequate dietary intake, faulty absorption from the GI tract due to a lack of secretion of intrinsic factor
normally produced by gastric mucosal cells and certain disorders of the small intestine that impair absorption.
The nurse should instruct the client in the need for lifelong replacement of vitamin B12, as well as the need for
folic acid, rest, diet, and support.Physiological Adaptation
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