Ahubis aphysical layer (Layer 1)networking device used to connect multiple Ethernet devices in a network. Unlike switches or routers, hubs donot inspect or process frame headers. Instead, they perform a simple task:
Receive a signal (electrical or optical) on one port
Replicate that signal identically to all other ports
This means the hubdoes not examine Layer 2 (MAC addresses) or Layer 3 (IP addresses)and doesnot perform intelligent forwarding. It merelybroadcasts all incoming traffic to every other connected device, often resulting inhigh collision domainsand poor efficiency.
Option Adescribes arepeater, not a hub.
Option Cdescribes aswitch(Layer 2 device).
Option Ddescribes arouter(Layer 3 device).
Option Bis correct: A hub does not inspect headers and replicates traffic blindly.
[Reference:, Nokia IP Networking Fundamentals Study Guide – Chapter: "Network Devices and OSI Model", CompTIA Network+ and Cisco CCNA foundational guides (for universally accepted hardware behavior), , , ]
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