BGP Peer Discovery: Unlike some other routing protocols (e.g., OSPF, EIGRP), BGP does not use Hello messages to discover peers dynamically. Instead, BGP peers (neighbors) must be manually configured.
TCP Session: For BGP to operate, it requires an underlying TCP connection (port 179) between the two routers.
OPEN Message: The initial BGP message sent after establishing the TCP connection is the OPEN message, which is used to negotiate session parameters and exchange capabilities.
Exterior Routing Protocol: BGP was designed primarily for inter-AS (Autonomous System) routing, making it suitable for internet backbone routing and other exterior routing scenarios.
References:
Nokia BGP Fundamentals Documentation, Chapter on BGP Peer Establishment
RFC 4271 (A Border Gateway Protocol 4), Section 4
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