Pass the ECCouncil Certified Network Defender (CND) 312-38 Questions and answers with ValidTests

Statistical anomaly detection is an intrusion detection technique that models the normal behavior of a network’s traffic and identifies deviations from this norm. It uses statistical metrics such as median, mean, mode, and standard deviation to establish a baseline of regular activities. When network traffic deviates from these established performance parameters, the system flags these events as potential intrusions. This method is effective in observing the network for abnormal usage patterns that could indicate a security breach.

References: The explanation is based on the principles of statistical anomaly detection as described in various Network Defender (CND) documents and study guides. Specifically, it aligns with the descriptions found in resources like the Saylor Academy’s module on Intrusion Detection Systems1, which details how a statistics-based IDS builds a distribution model for normal behavior and flags low probability events as potential intrusions.

The measures Damian is implementing are part of the Physical layer of network defense-in-depth strategy. This layer involves securing the physical infrastructure of the organization, which includes controlling physical access to the building through mechanisms like two-factor authenticated locks and monitoring the environment with video surveillance. Additionally, implementing fire suppression systems is a part of safeguarding the physical premises against environmental hazards. These measures are essential to prevent unauthorized physical access and to protect against physical threats that could harm the network’s infrastructure. References: The Certified Network Defender (CND) program by EC-Council covers a defense-in-depth security strategy that includes the Physical layer as one of its core components12.

Crisis management represents the ability of an organization to respond effectively during emergencies to minimize damage to its brand name, business operations, and profits. It involves identifying a threat to an organization and responding to it in a timely manner. Crisis management plans and processes can help an organization deal with unexpected events, ensuring that they are prepared to deal with potential disruptions. This strategic management process is designed to protect an organization from various risks and to prevent these risks from becoming bigger issues.

References: The explanation aligns with the Certified Network Defender (CND) course objectives, which include understanding the principles of organizational security and the effective management of crises to protect the brand and profitability1.

Network sniffing is a technique used to capture and analyze packets traveling across a network. Through network sniffing, one can potentially gain access to a variety of sensitive information, depending on the protocols being used and the security measures in place.

Telnet Passwords (A): Telnet is an older protocol that transmits data, including login credentials, in clear text. This makes Telnet passwords particularly vulnerable to network sniffing1.

Syslog Traffic (B): Syslog is a standard for message logging. If not properly secured, syslog traffic can be intercepted, revealing system messages and metadata about network activities1.

DNS Traffic ©: DNS traffic includes queries and responses that can be captured to reveal which domains are being requested by users on the network. This can provide insights into user behavior and network structure1.

Programming Errors (D): While network sniffing can capture packets that may contain the results of programming errors, such as error messages or malformed packets, it does not directly reveal the programming errors themselves. Sniffing tools capture the traffic but do not analyze the code within the applications generating that traffic.

References: The information has been verified from the EC-Council’s resources on network sniffing and network defense strategies, which discuss the types of data that can be captured through sniffing and the implications for network security123.

The last step Malone should list in his incident handling plan is ‘A follow-up’. This step is crucial as it involves analyzing the incident to understand how it occurred and what can be done to prevent similar incidents in the future. It often includes a review of the effectiveness of the response, identification of lessons learned, updating policies and procedures accordingly, and conducting training sessions if necessary. This step ensures that the organization improves its security posture and is better prepared for future incidents.

References: The follow-up step is aligned with the incident response life cycle which includes preparation, identification, containment, eradication, recovery, and then follow-up as the final phase. This is consistent with the best practices in incident response and is covered in the Certified Network Defender (CND) curriculum as well as in the NIST guidelines on incident response1.

 Organized hackers are professional cybercriminals who often work in groups and are motivated by financial gain. They are known for their skills and the ability to carry out sophisticated attacks on systems for profit. Unlike script kiddies, who lack advanced skills and typically use readily available tools, organized hackers use custom-developed tools and methods. Hacktivists are motivated by political or social causes, and cyber terrorists aim to use cyber attacks to create fear or political change, not necessarily for profit.

References: The EC-Council’s Certified Network Defender (CND) program covers various types of cyber threats and the motivations behind them, including the distinction between different types of hackers and their objectives. The CND curriculum includes understanding the threat landscape, which encompasses organized hackers and their profit-driven attacks12.

The Encrypted File System (EFS) is a feature of the NTFS file system available in Windows that provides filesystem-level encryption. It allows for the transparent encryption of files, protecting confidential data from attackers who might gain physical access to the computers. EFS uses a combination of symmetric key encryption and public key technology to protect files. The symmetric key, known as the File Encryption Key (FEK), is used to encrypt the file data, and then the FEK itself is encrypted with a public key associated with the user’s identity and stored with the file. This ensures that only authorized users can decrypt the encrypted files. EFS is particularly suitable for protecting sensitive data on laptops that might be lost or stolen, as it ensures that the data remains inaccessible without the appropriate encryption key.

References: The information about EFS is consistent with the features and capabilities as described in the Windows documentation and resources on filesystem-level encryption123.

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA), also known as the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, is the correct answer. The GLBA mandates that financial institutions – which can include international financial institutions operating in the United States – protect the privacy of consumers’ personal financial information. The act requires financial institutions to explain their information-sharing practices to their customers and to safeguard sensitive data. Failure to comply with the GLBA can result in prosecution and significant penalties.

References: The information provided is based on my training data which includes knowledge of the GLBA and its implications for financial institutions regarding the privacy and protection of customer information. For the most accurate and detailed reference, it is recommended to consult the official documents and study guides from the Certified Network Defender (CND) course by the EC-Council.

WPA2 uses the Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol (CCMP), which employs the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) block cipher for data encryption. The integrity check mechanism within WPA2 that provides security against replay attacks is the Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code (CBC-MAC). CBC-MAC is used to authenticate packets and ensure their integrity, preventing the data from being altered, spoofed, or resent by attackers.

References: The information is consistent with the security protocols defined in the IEEE 802.11i standard for WPA2, which includes the use of CBC-MAC for packet authentication and integrity checks as part of the CCMP1234.

 The correct order in the risk management phase starts with Risk Identification, where potential business risks are determined. This is followed by Risk Assessment, which involves analyzing and prioritizing the identified risks. Next is Risk Treatment, where plans are made to mitigate the risks. Finally, Risk Monitoring & Review is conducted to oversee the risk management process and make necessary adjustments. This sequence ensures a structured and effective approach to managing risks within an organization. References: The sequence aligns with the widely recognized ISO 31000 risk management standard, which outlines these core steps in managing risks123.