Pass the Fortinet NSE 5 Network Security Analyst NSE5_FSM-6.3 Questions and answers with ValidTests

 Device Discovery Information: Information about discovered devices, including their configurations and statuses, is stored in a specific database.

 CMDB: The Configuration Management Database (CMDB) is used to store detailed information about the devices discovered by FortiSIEM.

Function: It maintains comprehensive details about device configurations, relationships, and other metadata essential for managing the IT infrastructure.

 Significance: Storing discovery information in the CMDB ensures that the FortiSIEM system has a centralized repository of device information, facilitating efficient management and monitoring.

 References: FortiSIEM 6.3 User Guide, Configuration Management Database (CMDB) section, which details the storage and usage of device discovery information.

 Event Collection Overview: The exhibits show three events collected over a 10-minute period from two servers, Server A and Server B.

 Rule Subpattern Settings: The rule subpattern specifies two conditions:

AVG(CPU Util) > DeviceToCMDBAttr(Host IP : Server CPU Util Critical Threshold): This checks if the average CPU utilization exceeds the critical threshold defined for each server.

COUNT(Matched Events) >= 2: This requires at least two matching events within the specified period.

 Server A Analysis:

Events: Three events (CPU=90, CPU=90, CPU=95).

Average CPU Utilization: (90+90+95)/3 = 91.67, which exceeds the critical threshold of 90.

Matched Events Count: 3, which meets the condition of being greater than or equal to 2.

Incident Generation: Server A meets both conditions, so it generates one incident.

 Server B Analysis:

Events: Three events (CPU=70, CPU=50, CPU=60).

Average CPU Utilization: (70+50+60)/3 = 60, which does not exceed the critical threshold of 90.

Matched Events Count: 3, but since the average CPU utilization condition is not met, no incident is generated.

 Conclusion: Based on the rule subpattern, Server A will generate one incident, and Server B will not generate any incidents.

 References: FortiSIEM 6.3 User Guide, Event Correlation Rules and Incident Management sections, which explain how incidents are generated based on rule subpatterns and event conditions.

 Syslog Ports: Syslog messages can be sent over different ports using TCP or UDP protocols.

 Common Ports for Syslog:

UDP 514: This is the default port for sending syslog messages over UDP.

TCP 514: This is the default port for sending syslog messages over TCP, providing a more reliable transmission.

TCP 1470: This port is often used for secure or alternative syslog transmission.

 Usage in FortiSIEM: FortiSIEM can be configured to receive syslog messages on these ports to ensure the logs are collected from various network devices.

 References: FortiSIEM 6.3 User Guide, Syslog Integration section, which details the supported ports for syslog transmission.

 Rules Engine in FortiSIEM: The rules engine evaluates incoming events based on defined conditions to detect incidents and anomalies.

 Aggregation Condition: The aggregation condition instructs FortiSIEM to summarize and count the matching evaluated data.

Function: Aggregation is used to group events based on specified criteria and then perform operations such as counting the number of occurrences within a defined time window.

 Purpose: This allows for the detection of patterns and anomalies, such as a high number of failed login attempts within a short period.

 References: FortiSIEM 6.3 User Guide, Rules Engine section, which explains how aggregation is used to summarize and count matching data.

 Syslog Configuration in FortiSIEM: For FortiSIEM to receive syslog messages from network devices, those devices need to be properly configured to send syslog data to FortiSIEM.

 Manual Configuration Requirement: FortiSIEM does not automatically configure network devices to send syslog messages. Instead, this configuration must be performed manually by the network administrator.

 Process Overview: The network administrator must access each device and set up the syslog parameters to direct log data to the FortiSIEM collector's IP address.

 Discovery Process: While FortiSIEM can discover network devices using SNMP, WMI, and other protocols, the configuration of syslog on these devices is beyond its scope and requires manual intervention.

 References: FortiSIEM 6.3 User Guide, Device Configuration and Syslog Integration sections, which explain the requirements and steps for setting up syslog forwarding on network devices.

 Incident Categories in FortiSIEM: Incidents in FortiSIEM are categorized to help administrators quickly identify and prioritize the type of issue.

 Four Main Categories:

Performance: Incidents related to the performance of devices and applications, such as high CPU usage or memory utilization.

Availability: Incidents affecting the availability of services or devices, such as downtime or connectivity issues.

Security: Incidents related to security events, such as failed login attempts, malware detection, or unauthorized access.

Change: Incidents triggered by changes in the configuration or state of devices, such as new software installations or configuration modifications.

 Importance of Categorization: These categories help in the efficient management and response to different types of incidents, allowing for better resource allocation and quicker resolution.

 References: FortiSIEM 6.3 User Guide, Incident Management section, which details the different categories of incidents and their significance.

 Search Filters in FortiSIEM: When searching for events, the correct use of filters and logical operators is crucial to obtain accurate results.

 Issue Analysis:

Selected Filters: The exhibit shows filters for two different Reporting IP addresses.

Logical Operators: The use of "AND" between the two Reporting IP addresses implies that an event must match both IP addresses simultaneously, which is not possible for a single event.

 Correct Usage: To search for events from either of the two IP addresses, parentheses should be used to group conditions logically.

Corrected Filter:(Reporting IP = 192.168.1.1 OR Reporting IP = 172.16.10.3)would return events from either IP address.

 References: FortiSIEM 6.3 User Guide, Search and Filters section, which explains the use of logical operators and the importance of parentheses in constructing effective search queries.

 License Renewal Process: When renewing a FortiSIEM license, it is essential to provide the system ID, which uniquely identifies the FortiSIEM instance.

 Commands to Retrieve System ID:

phgetHWID: This command retrieves the hardware ID of the FortiSIEM appliance.

Usage: Run the commandphgetHWIDin the CLI to obtain the hardware ID.

phgetUUID: This command retrieves the universally unique identifier (UUID) for the FortiSIEM system.

Usage: Run the commandphgetUUIDin the CLI to obtain the UUID.

 Verification: BothphgetHWIDandphgetUUIDare valid commands for retrieving the necessary system IDs required for license renewal.

 References: FortiSIEM 6.3 Administration Guide, Licensing section details the commands and procedures for obtaining system identification information necessary for license renewal.

 Discovery Methods in FortiSIEM: FortiSIEM can discover devices using various methods, including syslog, SNMP, and others.

 Syslog Discovery: The exhibit shows that the FortiGate device is discovered by FortiSIEM using syslog.

Syslog Parsing: The syslog messages sent by the FortiGate device are parsed by FortiSIEM to extract relevant information.

CMDB Entry: Based on the parsed information, an entry is populated in the Configuration Management Database (CMDB) for the device.

 Evidence in Exhibit: The exhibit shows the syslog flow from the FortiGate Firewall to the parsing and discovery process, resulting in the device being listed in the CMDB with the status "Pending."

 References: FortiSIEM 6.3 User Guide, Device Discovery section, which explains how syslog discovery works and how devices are added to the CMDB based on syslog data.