Pass the Linux Foundation DevOps and Site Reliability CGOA Questions and answers with ValidTests

AState Storein GitOps is the system of record whereDesired State declarationsare kept. It must be immutable and versioned to ensure full auditability, traceability, and rollback capabilities. Git itself is the most common State Store.

“The Desired State must be stored in a State Store that is versioned and immutable. This guarantees traceability and enables recovery by reverting to previous commits.”

Thus, the correct answer isD.

Declarative configuration describeswhatthe system should look like, nothowto achieve it. This enables the use ofstandard reconciliation tools(like ArgoCD or Flux) to manage the system automatically, removing the burden of writing and maintaining imperative scripts.

“Declarative configuration enables systems to be managed by generic reconciliation tools rather than bespoke scripts, reducing operational overhead and increasing reliability.”

Thus, the correct answer isB.

GitOps requires apull-based approachas the default model, where agents in the cluster automatically pull desired state from Git. However,push-based triggers(e.g., webhooks) can optionally be used to complement pull-based reconciliation.

“Pull-based reconciliation is required in GitOps to ensure automation and security. Push-based triggers may optionally complement this, but the pull model is fundamental.”

Thus, the correct answer isD.

ArgoCD and Flux are the two primary CNCF GitOps tools. While both are reconciliation engines, they can be used together carefully if configured properly to avoid conflicts. For example, Flux can be used to manage configuration sources, while ArgoCD handles application-level delivery. Extensions and integration points allow them to complement each other.

“ArgoCD and Flux implement the GitOps reconciliation principle. Though they provide overlapping functionality, they can be integrated by carefully managing their scope. For instance, Flux can manage sources and Helm charts, while ArgoCD handles higher-level deployments. Extensions exist to allow cooperation without conflict.”

Thus, the correct answer isC.

The core foundation of GitOps is that Git serves as the single source of truth for the desired state of both applications and infrastructure. This means all configuration is declared in Git in a version-controlled, auditable, and verifiable manner. Operators and reconciliation agents continuously pull these definitions to ensure the live system matches what Git declares.

“Declarative descriptions of the desired state of the system must be versioned in Git, making Git the single source of truth. This provides auditability, reliability, and enables rollbacks by reverting changes in Git.”

This principle ensures that any change in system state is traceable through Git commits, making environments predictable, reproducible, and transparent.

The two most widely adopted GitOps controllers in the CNCF ecosystem areArgoCDandFlux. Both implement the GitOps principles of continuous reconciliation from Git as the source of truth.

“ArgoCD and Flux are the two primary CNCF GitOps controllers. They implement reconciliation loops to ensure the desired state in Git matches the cluster’s actual state.”

Thus, the correct answer isC.

GitOps emphasizes immutability and auditability. If an error occurs in the configuration stored in Git, the system should be rolled back to the last known good state while the error is fixed. This preserves system reliability and aligns with the GitOps principle of rollback through version control.

“With Git as the source of truth, if an error is introduced, the system can be rolled back by reverting to a previous commit. This ensures stability while the faulty configuration is corrected.”

Thus, the recommended action isC: Roll back to the previous working version.

TheDesired Stateis the declarative specification stored in Git that defines how the system should look and behave. It is the reference point against which the actual state is continuously reconciled.

“Desired state is the complete declarative specification of a system stored in Git. It defines how the system should be configured and serves as the source of truth for reconciliation.”

Thus, the correct answer isA.

The process of keeping theactual statein sync with thedesired stateis calledReconciliation. GitOps controllers (e.g., ArgoCD, Flux) continuously reconcile system resources to match what is declared in Git.

“Reconciliation is the process by which agents compare the actual system state to the desired state and automatically make changes to converge them.”

Thus, the correct answer isA: Reconciliation.

Kustomize is a GitOps tool for managing Kubernetes configurations declaratively. It uses afolder structure with configuration filesand akustomization.yamlfile that references resources and overlays. This enables customization without modifying the base manifests.

“Kustomize allows customization of Kubernetes manifests by organizing resources in directories and referencing them through file paths in a kustomization file. This directory-based approach supports overlays, reusability, and modular configuration.”

Thus, the correct answer isD.