Pass the WGU Courses and Certificates Introduction-to-IT Questions and answers with ValidTests

SQL is the standard language for communicating with relational databases. Applications use SQL to:

•Retrieve data: SELECT queries are used to fetch specific data from database tables.

•Modify data: INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements allow applications to add, change, or remove data in the database.

•Manage database structure: CREATE, ALTER, and DROP statements let applications create tables, modify their structure, or delete them entirely.

Developing questions for the survey that are directly related to customers’ application preferences is a practice that would help ensure collecting quality data.

Nadia should focus on relevant questions related to application preferences to gather accurate data.

References

1.WGU Introduction to IT (KSO1) Algorithm1.

1.Keyboard Input:

oWhen executing a program from the command line, the keyboard plays a crucial role in providing input to the system.

oThe user types the command or program name using the keyboard, and the operating system interprets these inputs.

oThe keyboard allows the user to interact with the command-line interface (CLI) by entering commands, parameters, and options.

2.Command-Line Execution:

oTo execute a program, the user types the program’s name (or its full path) followed by any necessary arguments or options.

oThe operating system processes this input and runs the specified program.

oFor example, to run a Python script named “my_script.py,” the user would type:

opython my_script.py

3.Other Peripheral Devices:

oLet’s briefly discuss the other options:

Hard Drive (B): The hard drive is a storage device and is not directly involved in executing programs from the command line. It stores files and data but does not execute them.

Speaker ©: The speaker is an output device used for audio playback. It does not play a role in executing programs.

Printer (D): The printer is an output device used for printing documents. It is not used to execute programs.

References:

•No specific document reference is provided for this basic concept, as it is widely accepted knowledge in the field of information technology.

In this approach, users stop using the old system, and the new system is put into use immediately1. However, direct conversion can be risky, especially without extensive testing beforehand2.

References

1.W3computing.com

2.Universal CPA Review

Application software and operating systems serve different purposes within a computer system. The primary distinction lies in their functionality and interaction with the computer’s hardware and the user.

•Operating Systems (OS):

oAn OS is system software that acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware.

oIt manages and coordinates the hardware components of a computer system, including the CPU, memory, storage devices, and peripheral devices.

oThe OS provides a platform for application software to run and facilitates user interaction with the system through a user interface.

oExamples include Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS.

•Application Software:

oApplication software consists of programs designed to perform specific tasks for the user.

oThese tasks can range from productivity applications like word processors and spreadsheets (Answer A) to communication tools like email clients (Answer B).

oUnlike the OS, application software does not manage hardware resources directly. Instead, it relies on the OS to provide these services.

oExamples include Microsoft Word, Excel, and Mozilla Firefox.

•Key Differences:

oApplication software is run by the end-user to perform specific tasks, while the OS runs in the background, managing the overall operation of the computer system.

oThe OS directly supports and manages the computer hardware system, which is not the case for application software.

References: The information provided here is verified through reliable sources that detail the differences between application software and operating systems12.

A proxy server serves several essential functions in network communication:

1.Security and Privacy:

oA proxy server acts as a gateway between the user’s device and the internet. When a user sends a request (e.g., accessing a website), it first goes through the proxy server.

oThe proxy server hides the user’s IP address, making it difficult for external entities to directly trace the user’s location or identity.

oBy acting as an intermediary, the proxy server provides an additional layer of security, protecting the internal network from potential threats and attacks.

2.Content Filtering and Access Control:

oOrganizations often use proxy servers to control internet access for their employees. The proxy can filter requests based on predefined rules.

oFor example, an organization might block access to certain websites (e.g., social media, gambling sites) or restrict access during work hours.

oContent filtering helps maintain productivity and prevent unauthorized access to inappropriate or harmful content.

3.Caching and Acceleration:

oProxy servers can cache frequently accessed web pages, images, and files. When a user requests the same content again, the proxy serves it from its cache.

oCaching reduces the load on the internet connection and speeds up access to commonly visited sites.

oIt also helps save bandwidth by minimizing redundant data transfers.

4.Load Balancing:

oIn large networks, multiple proxy servers can distribute incoming requests to different web servers. This load balancing ensures efficient utilization of resources.

oBy evenly distributing traffic, proxy servers prevent any single server from becoming overwhelmed.

5.Anonymity and Geolocation Bypass:

oSome users use proxy servers to hide their real IP addresses. This anonymity can be useful for privacy reasons or to bypass geolocation restrictions.

oFor example, a user in one country can use a proxy server located in another country to access region-restricted content.

References

1.SoftwareLab: What is a Proxy Server? Types & Examples You Need to Know

2.Kinsta: What Is a Proxy Server Used For? (And How Does It Work?)

3.Fortinet: What is a Proxy Server? Definition, Uses & More

4.KnowledgeHut: What is Proxy Server? Types, Functions & Use Cases

5.Varonis: What is a Proxy Server and How Does it Work?

•RAM (Random Access Memory) is the motherboard component used for short-term storage of data.

•RAM is a type of computer memory that can be read and written. It serves as temporary storage for data that the CPU (Central Processing Unit) needs to access quickly.

•When you run programs or open files, the data is loaded into RAM from storage devices (such as hard drives or SSDs). The CPU can then access this data rapidly, allowing for efficient execution of tasks.

•Unlike permanent storage (such as hard drives), RAM is volatile, meaning its contents are lost when the computer is powered off or restarted.

•RAM is crucial for overall system performance. The more RAM a computer has, the better it can handle multitasking, large applications, and data-intensive tasks.

•In summary, RAM provides fast, temporary storage for data that the CPU actively uses during program execution.

References:

1.AVG: What Is RAM, What Does It Do & How Much Do You Need

2.Crucial.com: What Does Computer Memory (RAM) Do?

The computing term that describes a collection of hardware and software components working together to meet the needs of the user is C. A computer system.

A computer system consists of both physical hardware components (like the central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, etc.) and software components (such as operating systems, applications, and programs).

References

1.WGU Introduction to IT (KSO1) Algorithm1.

the basic structure of a computer network is the one depicting cloud computing. In this image, a blue cloud labeled “Cloud” is connected to four different types of devices: a desktop computer, tablet, phone, and laptop. Each device has an icon representing its type, and all devices are connected to the cloud, symbolizing data access and storage on the cloud.

The operation that converts raw data into information is A. Processing.

Data transformation involves manipulating and reorganizing raw data to extract meaningful insights and patterns, resulting in useful information1.

References

1.Unleashing the Power of Data Transformation: How to Turn Raw Information into Actionable Insights