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Questions # 21:

Sales volumes reported for the latest period are used by managers as the basis to forecast sales for the forthcoming period. The forecasts are compared with the budgeted sales and plans are adjusted to ensure that the budgeted sales are achieved.

This is an example of:

Options:

A.

Incremental budgeting

B.

Flexed budgets

C.

Feedforward control

D.

Feedback control

Expert Solution
Questions # 22:

A manufacturing company produces and sells a single product.

It is preparing its budget for the next period and expects to breakeven.

Budgeted fixed costs are the same as budgeted variable costs and the budgeted contribution to sales ratio is 50%.

If all budgeted costs decreased by 10%, which of the following statements is true?

Options:

A.

Total contribution would increase by less than the increase in total profit.

B.

Total profit would increase by the same amount as the increase in total contribution.

C.

The contribution to sales margin would increase by more than five percentage points.

D.

The contribution to sales margin would increase by less than five percentage points.

Expert Solution
Questions # 23:

The following information is available about direct material T for the last period.

Question # 23

A JIT purchasing system is in operation.

Calculate the actual price paid per kg of material T.

Give your answer to 2 decimal places.

Options:

Expert Solution
Questions # 24:

Place the correct label against each item to categorise the cost of the item within the quality cost framework.

Question # 24

Options:

Expert Solution
Questions # 25:

Information about a company's two products is as follows:

Question # 25

The products are currently sold in equal quantities.

Monthly fixed costs are $360,000.

What is the monthly breakeven sales revenue assuming a sales quantity mix of 50/50?

Give your answer to the nearest $.

Options:

Expert Solution
Questions # 26:

A manufacturing company has more units of finished goods inventory at the end of a period than at the beginning of the period.

Which of the following statements is true?

Options:

A.

Profit is higher and opening inventory valuation is higher using marginal costing than if throughput costing is used.

B.

Profit is higher and opening inventory valuation is lower using marginal costing than if throughput costing is used.

C.

Profit is higher and opening inventory valuation is lower using absorption costing than if marginal costing is used.

D.

Profit is lower and opening inventory valuation is higher using marginal costing than if throughput costing is used.

Expert Solution
Questions # 27:

A company manufactures two products and has two production constraints.

When the graphical approach to linear programming is used, the axes of the graph will show:

Options:

A.

the two constraints restricting production

B.

the two objectives of the company

C.

the two products manufactured

D.

the contribution generated by the two products

Expert Solution
Questions # 28:

QR uses an activity based budgeting (ABB) system to budget product costs. It manufactures two products, product Q and product R. The budget details for these two products for the forthcoming period are as follows:

Question # 28

The total budgeted cost of setting up the machines is $74,400.

What was the budgeted machine set up cost per unit of product Q?

Options:

A.

$0.39 per unit

B.

$0.56 per unit

C.

$0.37 per unit

D.

$0.48 per unit

Expert Solution
Questions # 29:

A medium-sized manufacturing company, which operates in the electronics industry, has employed a firm of consultants to carry out a review of the company’s planning and control systems. The company presently uses a traditional incremental budgeting system and the inventory management system is based on economic order quantities (EOQ) and reorder levels. The company’s normal production patterns have changed significantly over the previous few years as a result of increasing demand for customized products. This has resulted in shorter production runs and difficulties with production and resource planning. The consultants have recommended the implementation of activity based budgeting and a manufacturing resource planning system to improve planning and resource management.

What are the benefits for the company that could occur following the introduction of an activity based budgeting system?

Select ALL the correct answers.

Options:

A.

Under an activity based budgeting system, resource allocation is linked to the strategic plan and is prepared after considering alternative strategies. This approach ensures that new activities that are required to meet the company’s strategic objectives are included in the budget.

B.

Under a traditional incremental budgeting system the focus is on existing resources and operations. Adjustments are then made for changes in activity and price which results in past inefficiencies being perpetuated. Under an activity based budgeting system, only resources that are needed to perform activities required to meet the budgeted production and sales volumes are included.

C.

Activity based techniques including activity based budgeting focus on the outputs of a process rather than the input to the process. This approach provides a clear framework for understanding the link between costs and the level of activity. It allows the ranking of activities and the determination of how limited resources should be allocated across competing activities.

D.

Activity Based Budgeting Systems present costs under functional headings i.e. the emphasis is on the nature of the cost. The weakness if this approach is that it gives little indication of the link between the level of activity and the cost incurred.

E.

The approach under an Activity based Budgeting System is to make arbitrary cuts in order to meet overall financial targets.

Expert Solution
Questions # 30:

XY, a not-for-profit charity organization which is funded by public donations, is concerned that it is not making the best use of its available funds. It has carried out a review of its budgeting system and is considering replacing the current system with a zero-based budgeting system.

Select ALL the potential advantages AND disadvantages for the charity of a zero-based budgeting system.

Options:

A.

It avoids the complacency inherent in the traditional incremental approach where it is assumed that future activities will be very similar to current ones.

B.

It discourages a questioning approach by focusing attention not only on the cost of the activity but on the benefits it provides. The charity managers will not articulate the benefits encouraging them to think clearly about the activities.

C.

Preparation of the decision packages will normally require the environment of many employees. This environment may produce useful ideas and promote job satisfaction.

D.

The creation of decision packages and their subsequent ranking by top management is very time consuming and costly. The charity will need to assess whether the benefits of the system outweigh the costs involved.

E.

In an organization like a charity, the decision packages are not very disparate and difficult t compare.

F.

In applying traditional budgeting, ‘activities’ may result in functional departments rather than cross functional activities and thus distract attention from the real cost-reduction issues.

Expert Solution
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