Input validation vulnerabilities occur when an application fails to properly validate or sanitize user input, allowing malicious data to be processed. This can lead to various attacks, most notably cross-site scripting (XSS).
Option A:DNS poisoning
Incorrect Choice:DNS poisoning involves corrupting the DNS cache to redirect users to malicious sites. It is not related to input validation vulnerabilities.
Option B:Pharming
Incorrect Choice:Pharming redirects users from legitimate websites to fraudulent ones, typically through DNS poisoning or host file manipulation. It is not directly related to input validation.
Option C:Phishing
Incorrect Choice:Phishing involves tricking individuals into providing sensitive information through deceptive emails or websites. It exploits human behavior rather than technical input validation flaws.
Option D:Cross-site scripting
Correct Choice:Cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks occur when an application includes untrusted data in a web page without proper validation or escaping. This allows attackers to execute malicious scripts in users' browsers, leading to data theft, session hijacking, or defacement. Remediating input validation vulnerabilities is essential to prevent XSS attacks.
[Reference:, CompTIA CySA+ CS0-003 Exam Objective 2.4: "Given a scenario, recommend controls to mitigate attacks and software vulnerabilities," specifically addressing injection flaws like cross-site scripting., , , , , ]
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