This is the first exchange in IKEv2. It establishes a secure, authenticated channel between peers and negotiates cryptographic algorithms and keys.
IKE_Auth:
The second exchange authenticates the IKE SA (Security Association) using the previously negotiated keys and algorithms. This exchange also establishes the first IPsec SA.
Create_CHILD_SA:
This exchange creates additional IPsec SAs after the initial authentication. It can also be used to rekey existing IPsec SAs to maintain security.
Informational:
This is a generic exchange used for various purposes such as error notification, deletion of SAs, and other control messages.
References:
Fortinet Community: IKEv2 packet exchanges and troubleshooting
Fortinet Documentation: IPsec VPN Concepts
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