Internet protocol security (IPSec), point-to-point tunneling protocol (PPTP), and secure sockets Layer (SSL) all use Which of the following to prevent replay attacks?
IPSec, PPTP, and SSL all use randomly generated nonces to prevent replay attacks. A nonce is a number that is used only once in a cryptographic communication. It is usually sent along with the encrypted message to ensure freshness and uniqueness. A replay attack is when an attacker intercepts and retransmits a valid message to gain unauthorized access or cause a denial of service. By using nonces, the protocols can detect and reject any repeated messages that have the same nonce value. References: CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, Eighth Edition, Chapter 6: Cryptography and Symmetric Key Algorithms, page 287. CISSP Practice Exam – FREE 20 Questions and Answers, Question 13.
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