The first step that should be considered in a data loss prevention (DLP) program is data classification. Data loss prevention (DLP) is a type of process that involves identifying, monitoring, and protecting the data or the information on a system or a network, or on an organization or a business, using various methods, such as policies, rules, or tools, to prevent or mitigate the data or the information from being lost, leaked, or stolen by unauthorized parties, such as hackers, insiders, or competitors. DLP can provide various benefits, such as enhancing the security, compliance, or reputation of the system or the network, or of the organization or the business, and ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of the data or the information. DLP can be implemented or performed by various steps or phases, such as:
Data classification: The step or the phase that involves defining, assigning, and labeling the data or the information on a system or a network, or on an organization or a business, using various criteria, categories, or levels, such as public, private, or confidential, to indicate or reflect the value, sensitivity, or importance of the data or the information, and to determine or guide the handling or the management of the data or the information.
Data discovery: The step or the phase that involves locating, identifying, and inventorying the data or the information on a system or a network, or on an organization or a business, using various methods, such as scanning, mapping, or indexing, to understand or analyze the source, type, or content of the data or the information, and to assess or evaluate the risk or the exposure of the data or the information.
Data monitoring: The step or the phase that involves observing, tracking, and recording the data or the information on a system or a network, or on an organization or a business, using various sources, such as logs, alerts, or reports, to measure or evaluate the usage, activity, or behavior of the data or the information, and to detect or prevent the data or the information from being lost, leaked, or stolen.
Data protection: The step or the phase that involves applying or enforcing the policies, rules, or tools to the data or the information on a system or a network, or on an organization or a business, using various techniques, such as encryption, masking, or blocking, to prevent or mitigate the data or the information from being lost, leaked, or stolen, and to achieve or maintain the security, compliance, or reputation of the system or the network, or of the organization or the business. Data classification is the first step that should be considered in a DLP program, as it can provide the foundation or the basis for the other steps or phases of the DLP program, and as it can enable or facilitate the identification, monitoring, and protection of the data or the information34. References: CISSP CBK, Fifth Edition, Chapter 3, page 230; 2024 Pass4itsure CISSP Dumps, Question 18.
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