Historians create Ideas we cal "history," which are derived from an order existing in the real work) of historical fact. Since the patterns discovered In that world depend In part on the alms of the Investigator, however, historical periods will tend to be defined In Incompatible ways by historians with different interests. Thus, insofar as the aims of historians of music, painting, literature, and poetry are different, it cannot be assumed that_________.
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
The table gives Information about teacher absenteeism in 21 school systems worldwide for 2012-2013. For each school system, the table gives the country where It Is located, the number of teachers It employed m 2012-2013, the average number of days those teachers were absent, and the percent of those teachers who were chronically absent (absent 18 or more days).

For each of the following statements, select Yes if, based on the information provided, it can be inferred that the statement is true. Otherwise, select NO.


Which of the following statements most accurately describes the relationship between the study's results and the researchers’ hypotheses?

In order to better control traffic at a certain busy intersection, a study was conducted to determine how many vehicles passed through the intersection during various times of day and what trajectories they took. For each possible trajectory (combination of direction from which a vehicle entered the intersection and direction to which it exited the Intersection), the graph shows the number of vehicles passing through the intersection during a certain hour.

Welleby’s Plan
The water In the underground water table beneath the town of Welleby is moderately saline— 20,000millkjrarns of salt per liter of water (mg/L), or roughly half as saline as ocean water. To lower the level of the water table and thus prevent agricultural land from being inundated with salt water, the town plans to pump water from the table at a rate of 450kiloliters per day (kL/day) into a large shallow pond, allowing much of the water to evaporate. The town plans to divert 10percent of the water pumped from the water table to supplement Us supply of drinking water, which Is currently piped In from great distances. Due to the water's supply, the town intends to construct a desalination plant to treat the diverted water for use as drinking water.
Desalination Types

Comparison
Welleby is deciding among the following three desalination methods.
Reverse Osmosis (RO): Water Is pushed through a membrane, leaving salts behind. RO systems can handle a large range of water flow rates and use relatively little energy. However, RO membranes are expensive and must be replaced every 2 to 5 years. There is also a possibility that bacteria can grow on the membrane. Introducing tastes and odors Into the desalinated water.
Multi-Effect Distillation (MED): Saline water Is heated to produce water vapor, from which Is condensed potable fresh water. This process requires large amounts of energy, regardless of the salinity of the source water. It becomes more cost effective as water volumes increase.
Electrodialysis (ED): Electricity is used to selectively move salts through a membrane. Consumption of energy Is directly proportional to the salinity of the water to be treated, so with higher salinities the process rapidly becomes more costly than other methods. ED membranes need to be replaced every 7 to 10years.


At 10-year intervals from 1950 through 2010, the graph shows the total number of passengers, in millions, on the railway system of Nation X. From each drop-down menu, select the option that creates the most accurate statement based on the information provided.

A certain municipality is deliberating over whether it will adopt a policy that would require it to have a balanced budget each year. Proponents prefer the policy because it would keep the municipality from spending more money than it receives, but critics argue that the policy should allow for exceptions so the municipality can respond to crises that might temporarily require spending beyond that amount.
From among the options below, select for Response to the critics and for Reply to that response two statements such that the first, if true, most strongly undermines the critics' argument and the second, if true, is the critics' strongest reply to that response. Make only two selections, one in each column.

West River Glen is deciding which network architecture should replace its old copper telephone lines. The town will replace 300 miles of Outside Plant (OSP) cable that will serve approximately 2,500 homes.
The first option is to install a Fiber to the Home (FTTH) system architecture that uses fiber-optic cable to transmit signals from the source to each home. The advantages of this architecture include greater bandwidth capabilities, less signal loss, and slightly lower new-cable deployment costs than the second option, Hybrid Fiber-Coax (HFC).
An HFC network integrates fiber-optic cables and devices with coaxial cables.
This will cost the town substantially less money for internal equipment and for customer installations. However, the coaxial cable does not last as long as fiberoptic cable and will thus need to be replaced more frequently, resulting in higher long-term maintenance expenses.
The town believes that either the FTTH or HFC architectures will be capable of serving the communities' data and television needs for the next 30 years.
For each of the following statements, select Yes if the statement can be inferred to be true on the basis of the information provided. Otherwise, select No.

Researchers studying long-term changes In regional mouse populations have found that by focusing on the populations of a rare but widespread and easily identifiable species of mouse (Species X), they can make fairly accurate estimations about the total regional mouse populations.
In a report on a recent study that Included the data tables that follow, the researchers provided some addenda:
1. "The Species X population of Region CV increased by 123,995 between 1990 and 2005.
2. In contrast, the Species X population of Region EW declined by about 52% during that same time.


Archaeologists have excavated two ancient sites, Site A and Site B, each containing bowls and dishes. A third site containing similar vessels (bowls and dishes), Site C, Is known to have existed but has not yet been located. The vessels have been dated to three successive 40-vear-long time periods (Mil).
The dishes that were found are small and plain and were made primarily for everyday use. For each site, the average population at the site for a period is known to be roughly proportional to the number of dishes found that were dated to that period.
The bowls are more elaborate, decorated In either a curvy or a rectilinear style. They were made primarily for ritual use. The numbers of bowls found indicate the level of wealth of the site's inhabitants during the period to which the bowls were dated (with greater numbers indicating greater wealth).
Documents found at Sites A and B establish that exactly 18 of the dishes found at Site A were manufactured at Site C; otherwise, all of the vessels were made at the sites where they were found.
For each of Sites A through C, select Yes If the Information provided Indicates that the population at that site was both greater in Period II than Period I and greater in Period III than in Period II. Otherwise, select No.
