In Rouleaux, red blood cells appear as stacked coins - formation occurs as the result of elevated globulins or fibrinogen.
The RBCs indicated by the arrows in this illustration are the result of:
This is the lens power of the scanning objective lens.
What is the cell that is indicated by the arrow in this field?
The red blood cell distribution width (RDW) increases as the severity of alpha thalassemia increases because of changing MCV as the bone marrow produces smaller cells. In addition, if Hemoglobin H bodies are present, they result in the formation of schiztocytes (RBC fragments) that can have an effect on the MCV and RDW.
The Red cell Distribution Width (RDW) in alpha thalassemia is
High triglycerides may be caused by disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hypothyroidism, Cushing's sydnrome, liver disease, uremia, dysglobulinemia, nephrotic syndrome, and alcoholism can cause hypertriglyceridemia.
A 46-year old known alcoholic with liver damage is brought in the ER unconscious. One would expect his lipid values to be affected in what way?
Bicarbonate and Chloride form an exchanger to help regulate and buffer the body's pH.
The buffering capacity of blood is maintained by a reversible exchange process between bicarbonate and:
Which of the following organizations has developed standards to maintain the performance of the clinical laboratory at the highest standards for quality care?
The dematiaceous molds can be broadly separated into two major groups: the agents of chromomycosis that grow more slowly, maturing only after 7 days or more of incubation, and the more rapidly growing species that most commonly are clinically insignificant commensals or contaminants when recovered from clinical specimens, but in rare situations may cause opportunistic infections called phaeohyphomycosis.
Dematiaceous molds can be broadly separated into two major groups; the agents of chromomycosis and clinically insignificant commensals or contaminants. The agents of chromomycosis grow: more slowly than; more rapidly than; or generally at the same rate as the clinically insignificant commensals or contaminants?
L/S ratio <2.0 indicates an increased risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) at delivery. L/S ratio <1.5 indicates a very high risk of developing RDS.
Which of the following statements regarding the L/S ratio is TRUE?
The correct answer is highlighted below
A ratio of 2:1 or greater usually indicates adequate pulmonary surfactant to prevent respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
A ratio of 1.5:1 indicates fetal lung maturity in pregnancies associated with diabetes mellitus.
Sphingomyelin levels increase during the 3rd trimester causing the L/S ratio to fall slightly during the last two weeks of gestation.
A phosphatidylglycerol (PG) spot indicates the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid
Lecithin is in direct ratio with sphingomyelin
Heparin contamination is characterized by an elevation in the aPTT test and can also cause an increased PT test as well. Reptilase time tests are used to elimate the effects of heparin contamination as the reagents and method are resistant to the effects of antithrombin III, unlike the PT and aPTT tests. Therefore, it would be expected that a patient sample containing pre-analytical heparin contamination will show an increased aPTT (and sometimes PT as well) while showing a normal reptilase time.
A specimen drawn from an indwelling catheter that was contaminated by heparin would be indicated by:
The cell shown in this image is a myelocyte. Myelocytes typically have an eccentric nucleus with cytoplasm similar to a mature neutrophils with a slightly bluer tint due to the cell's immaturity.
Myelocytes have both primary and secondary granules present in the cytoplasm. The nucleus is less mature and therefore has a loose chromatin clumping pattern.
Identify the cell in this illustration indicated by the arrow:
Standard precautions should be followed:
Blood bank
Which of the following is the most common subgroup of A?
Gating sets up boundaries around a subset of data points to segregate those events for analysis.
Gating the proper cell population is crucial for flow cytometric analysis. The CD marker information presented on the histogram data is only representative of the cells inside the gate.
When analyzing the raw data of a sample on the flow cytometer, CD marker information on the histograms represents data inside the _____ population.
Secondary granules, also known as specific granules first appear in the myelocyte stage next to the nucleus. In neutrophils this is termed the "dawn of neutrophilia".
What is one of the main characteristics of secondary granules in the neutrophilic granulocyte cytoplasm?
UA & Body Fluids
What is the identification of this crystal seen in a urine with an alkaline pH?
