Pass the Cisco CCNP Security 350-701 Questions and answers with ValidTests

 MFA stands for multi-factor authentication, which is a security method that requires users to provide two or more pieces of evidence to verify their identity before accessing a system. MFA can prevent unauthorized access to the system if a user’s password is compromised, because the attacker would also need to obtain the other factors, such as a one-time code, a biometric scan, or a physical token. MFA can be implemented using various technologies, such as SMS, email, phone call, mobile app, or hardware device. According to Microsoft, adopting MFA can prevent approximately 99.9% of compromised user accounts, significantly bolstering security measures against unauthorized access12. References:

Implementing and Operating Cisco Security Core Technologies (SCOR) v1.0, Module 6: Secure Network Access and Visibility, Lesson 6.1: Implementing Secure Network Access

350-701 SCOR - Cisco, Exam Topics, 6.1 Implement secure network access

What Is Unauthorized Access? 5 Key Prevention Best Practices - Cynet, Best Practice #3: Implement multi-factor authentication

Unauthorized Access: Top 8 Practices for Detecting and Responding - Ekran System, Best Practice #3: Use multi-factor authentication

The correct command to configure the new router to use 192.168.1.110 as its primary time source without the new router attempting to offer time to existing devices is ntp server 192.168.1.110 key 1 prefer. This command specifies that the new router will act as an NTP client and synchronize its time with the NTP server at 192.168.1.110, using the authentication key 1 and giving preference to this server over other possible servers. The prefer keyword indicates that this server is preferred over other servers with the same stratum number. The ntp server command is different from the ntp peer command, which configures the new router to act as an NTP peer and exchange time information with another NTP device. A peer relationship is bidirectional and symmetric, meaning that both devices can provide and receive time information from each other. A client-server relationship is unidirectional and asymmetric, meaning that the client only receives time information from the server and does not provide any time information to the server. Therefore, the ntp peer command is not suitable for the scenario, as it would make the new router attempt to offer time to existing devices, which is not desired. The primary keyword is not a valid option for either the ntp server or the ntp peer command, and it would cause a syntax error. References :=

Implementing and Operating Cisco Security Core Technologies (SCOR) v1.0, Module 1: Security Concepts, Lesson 1.3: Network Time Protocol

Configuring NTP - Cisco, Configuring NTP on the Switch, Configuring NTP in Client Mode

NTP Commands - Cisco, ntp server, ntp peer

 SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is the most commonly used protocol for network telemetry. SNMP is a standard protocol that allows network devices to exchange management information1. SNMP agents run on network devices and collect data about their status, performance, configuration, and events. SNMP managers run on network management systems and query the agents for data or receive notifications from them. SNMP can also be used to configure or control network devices remotely2. SNMP is widely supported by various vendors and platforms, and it provides a simple and flexible way to monitor and manage networks3.

 1: What is SNMP? | Cisco 2: SNMP Basics: What is SNMP and How It Works | SolarWinds 3: Network Telemetry Explained: Frameworks, Applications & Standards | Splunk

Explanation

Explanation

Multi-factor Authentication (MFA) is an authentication method that requires the user to provide two or more

verification factors to gain access to a resource. MFA requires means of verification that unauthorized users

won’t have.

Proper multi-factor authentication uses factors from at least two different categories.

MFA methods:

+ Knowledge – usually a password – is the most commonly used tool in MFA solutions. However, despite their

simplicity, passwords have become a security problem and slow down productivity.

+ Physical factors – also called possession factors–use tokens, such as a USB dongle or a portable device,

that generate a temporary QR (quick response) code. Mobile phones are commonly used, as they have the

advantage of being readily available in most situations.

+ Inherent – This category includes biometrics like fingerprint, face, and retina scans. As technology advances,

it may also include voice ID or other behavioral inputs like keystroke metrics. Because inherent factors are

reliably unique, always present, and secure, this category shows promise.

+ Location-based and time-based – Authentication systems can use GPS coordinates, network parameters,

and metadata for the network in use, and device recognition for MFA. Adaptive authentication combines these

data points with historical or contextual user data.

A time factor in conjunction with a location factor could detect an attacker attempting to authenticate in Europe

when the user was last authenticated in California an hour prior, for example.

+ Time-based one-time password (TOTP) – This is generally used in 2FA but could apply to any MFA

method where a second step is introduced dynamically at login upon completing a first step. The wait for a

second step–in which temporary passcodes are sent by SMS or email–is usually brief, and the process is easy

to use for a wide range of users and devices. This method is currently widely used.

+ Social media – In this case a user grants permission for a website to use their social media username and

password for login. This provide an easy login process, and one generally available to all users.

+ Risk-based authentication – Sometimes called adaptive multi-factor authentication, this method combines

adaptive authentication and algorithms that calculate risk and observe the context of specific login requests.

The goal of this method is to reduce redundant logins and provide a more user-friendly workflow.

+ Push-based 2FA – Push-based 2FA improves on SMS and TOTP 2FA by adding additional layers of security

while improving ease of use. It confirms a user’s identity with multiple factors of authentication that other

methods cannot. Because push-based 2FA sends notifications through data networks like cellular or Wi-Fi,

users must have data access on their mobile devices to use the 2FA functionality.

Explanation

All IKE policies on the device are sent to the remote peer regardless of what is in the selected policy section.

The first IKE Policy matched by the remote peer will be selected for the VPN connection. Choose which policy is sent first using the priority field. Priority 1 will be sent first.

In transparent mode, the WSA can handle both explicit and transparent HTTP requests, depending on how the client browser is configured. The WSA must pretend to be the origin content server for transparent requests, since the client is unaware of the existence of a proxy1. WCCP v2 is a protocol that allows a WCCP-enabled device (such as a router or a switch) to redirect traffic to the WSA based on certain criteria, such as destination port 802. This way, the client does not need to configure a proxy or a PAC file in the browser. The other options are false because they are either required for explicit mode or not supported by the WSA. References :=

What is the difference between transparent and forward proxy mode?

Configure Transparent Redirection With WCCP in Order to Support HTTP, HTTPS, and Native FTP Traffic

Explanation

Explanation

Cisco IOS public key infrastructure (PKI) provides certificate management to support security protocols such as IP Security (IPSec), secure shell (SSH), and secure socket layer (SSL). This module identifies and describes concepts that are needed to understand, plan for, and implement a PKI.

A PKI is composed of the following entities: …

– A distribution mechanism (such as Lightweight Directory Access Protocol [LDAP] or HTTP) for certificate revocation lists (CRLs)

To prevent rogue NTP servers from inserting themselves as the authoritative time source, the administrator needs to configure NTP authentication and specify the interface for syncing to the NTP server. NTP authentication allows the ASA to verify the identity and integrity of the NTP packets received from the server, using a shared secret key. Specifying the interface for syncing to the NTP server ensures that the ASA uses the correct source address for sending and receiving NTP packets, and avoids potential routing issues. The other options are not required or relevant for this task. Specifying the NTP version is optional and does not affect security. Configuring the NTP stratum is only applicable for NTP servers, not clients. The ASA can only act as an NTP client, not a server. Setting the NTP DNS hostname is not recommended, as it introduces a dependency on DNS resolution and may cause synchronization problems if the DNS server changes the IP address of the NTP server. References :=

Some possible references are:

Configure NTP Authentication on Secure Network Analytics

CLI Book 1: Cisco ASA Series General Operations CLI Configuration Guide, 9.6 - Basic Settings

Cisco ASA NTP and Clock Configuration with Examples

Cisco Tetration is a hybrid-cloud workload protection platform that secures compute instances in both the on-premises data center and the public cloud1. One of the benefits of using Cisco Tetration is that it collects telemetry data from servers and then uses software sensors to analyze flow information2. This allows Cisco Tetration to provide comprehensive visibility into every workload interaction and powerful AI/ML driven automation2. By analyzing the flow information, Cisco Tetration can also generate microsegmentation policies, detect workload behavior anomalies, identify software vulnerabilities, and monitor policy compliance23. References: 1: Cisco Secure Workload (formerly Tetration) FAQ 2: Cisco Secure Workload Platform Data Sheet 3: Cisco Tetration Platform - Cisco

single methods of authentication can be compromised more easily than MFA. MFA, or multi-factor authentication, is a security process that requires users to provide two or more factors to verify their identity and access resources. MFA reduces the risk of unauthorized access by making it harder for attackers to compromise all the factors needed, especially if they are different in nature, such as something you know (password), something you have (token), and something you are (biometric).

To understand the concept of MFA and why it is important for authentication security, you can refer to the following sections of the source book:

Section 1.1.1: Describe the concepts of identity and access management

Section 1.1.1.1: Describe the concepts of identity principles

Section 1.1.1.2: Describe the concepts of authentication

Section 1.1.1.3: Describe the concepts of authorization

Section 1.1.1.4: Describe the concepts of accounting

Section 1.1.1.5: Describe the concepts of identity stores

Section 1.1.1.6: Describe the concepts of MFA

Mobile device management (MDM) is a solution that allows organizations to manage and secure mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. MDM can provide scalability by supporting BYOD (bring your own device) scenarios without requiring extra appliance or licenses. BYOD allows employees to use their personal devices for work purposes, which can reduce costs and increase productivity. However, BYOD also introduces security and compliance risks, which MDM can mitigate by enforcing policies, monitoring device status, and performing remote actions. MDM can also integrate with other Cisco security solutions such as Identity Services Engine (ISE) and Umbrella to provide additional protection and visibility. According to the Cisco SCOR course, MDM can provide the following benefits for BYOD1:

Simplify device enrollment and configuration

Automate device compliance checks and remediation

Apply granular policies based on device type, user role, location, and network

Enable secure access to corporate resources and applications

Protect data at rest and in transit with encryption and VPN

Detect and respond to device threats and vulnerabilities

Wipe or lock devices in case of loss or theft

 1: Implementing and Operating Cisco Security Core Technologies (SCOR) v1.0 - Module 4: Secure Connectivity - Lesson 4.3: Mobile Device Management (MDM)

Cisco Tetration, which is a hybrid-cloud workload protection platform that uses machine learning, behavior analysis, and algorithmic approaches to secure compute instances in both the on-premises data center and the public cloud1. Cisco Tetration can process behavior baselines, monitor for deviations, and review for malicious processes in data center traffic and servers while performing software vulnerability detection. It can also provide zero-trust microsegmentation, proactive identification of security incidents, and reduction of the attack surface1. The other options are not correct because they do not offer the same level of workload protection as Cisco Tetration. Cisco ISE is an identity and access control platform that provides secure network access, endpoint compliance, and device administration2. Cisco AMP for Network is a network-based malware prevention solution that detects and blocks malicious files and URLs before they reach the endpoints3. Cisco AnyConnect is a VPN client that provides secure remote access, endpoint visibility, and posture enforcement4. References:

1: Cisco Secure Workload Platform Data Sheet

2: Cisco Identity Services Engine Data Sheet

3: Cisco Advanced Malware Protection for Networks Data Sheet

4: Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client Data Sheet