A venture capitalist is considering investing in a management buy-out that would be financed as follows:
• Equity from managers
• Equity from a venture capitalist
• Mezzanine debt finance from a venture capitalist
• Senior debt from a bank
The venture capitalist is planning to work with the management to grow the business in anticipation of an initial public offering within five years.
However, the cash forecast shows a potential shortage of funds in the first year and the venture capitalist is evaluating the potential impact of cash being generated in the first year being significantly lower than forecast.
The most important risk that a shortage of cash would create for the management buyout is that the new company has insufficient funds to:
Company Y plans to diversify into an activity where Company X has an equity beta of 1.6, a debt beta of zero and gearing of 50% (debt/debt plus equity).
The risk-free rate of return is 5% and the market portfolio is expected to return 10%.
The rate of corporate income tax is 30%.
What would be the risk-adjusted cost of equity if Company Y has 60% equity and 40% debt?
An aerospace company is planning to diversify into car manufacturing.
Relevant data:
What is the the cost of equity to be used in the WACC for the project appraisal?
Give your answer in percentage, as a whole number.
Z wishes to borrow at a floating rate and has been told that it can use swaps to reduce the effective interest rate it pays. Z can borrow floating at Libor ' 1, and fixed at 10%.
Which of the following companies would be the most appropriate for Z to enter into a swap with?
Listed company R is in the process of making a cash offer for the equity of unlisted company S.
Company R has a market capitalisation of $200 million and a price/earnings ratio of 10.
Company S has a market capitalisation of $50 million and earnings of $7 million.
Company R intends to offer $60 million and expects to be able to realise synergistic benefits of $20 million by combining the two businesses. This estimate excludes the estimated $8 million cost of integrating the two businesses.
Which of the following figures need to be used when calculating the value of the combined entity in $ millions?
Providers of debt finance often insist on covenants being entered into when providing debt finance for companies.
Agreement and adherence to the specific covenants is often a condition of the loan provided by the lender.
Which THREE of the following statements are true in respect of covenants?
A listed company has recently announced a profit warning.
The company's share price fell 20% on the day of the announcement but had been fairly static in the weeks leading up to the announcement.
Which form of efficient market is most likely to be indicated by this share price movement?
A company's current profit before interest and taxation is $1.1 million and it is expected to remain constant for the foreseeable future.
The company has 4 million shares in issue on which the earnings yield is currently 10%. It also has a $2 million bond in issue with a fixed interest rate of 5%.
The corporate income tax rate is 20% and is expected to remain unchanged.
Which of the following is the best estimate of the current share price?
A listed entertainment and media company produces and distributes films globally. The company invests heavily in intellectual property in order to create the scope for future film projects. The company has five separate distribution companies, each managed as a separate business unit The company is seeking to sell one of its business units in a management buy-out (MBO) to enable it to raise finance for proposed new investments
The business unit managers have been in discussions with a bank and venture capitalists regarding the financing for the MBO The venture capitalists are only prepared to invest a mixture of debt and equity and have suggested the following:
The venture capitalists have stated that they expect a minimum return on their equity investment of 3Q°/o a year on a compound basis over the first 5 years of the MBO No dividends will be paid during this period.
Advise the MBO team of the total amount due to the venture capitalist over the 5-year period to satisfy their total minimum return?
A company has 8% convertible bonds in issue. The bonds are convertible in 3 years time at a ratio of 20 ordinary shares per $100 nominal value bond.
Each share:
• has a current market value of $5.60
• is expected to grow at 5% each year
What is the expected conversion value of each $100 nominal value bond in 3 years' time?
