Pass the Amazon Web Services AWS Certified Associate SOA-C02 Questions and answers with ValidTests

To receive email notifications when IAM CreateUser API calls are made, you need to create an EventBridge rule that captures these events from CloudTrail and then routes them to an SNS topic that has an email subscription.

Enable CloudTrail:

Ensure AWS CloudTrail is enabled in your account to log API activity. Go to AWS CloudTrail Console and enable it if not already enabled.

Create SNS Topic:

Open the Amazon SNS console at Amazon SNS Console.

Create a new topic and name it (e.g., IAMCreateUserNotifications).

Create an email subscription for the topic by entering your email address and confirming the subscription via the email received.

Create EventBridge Rule:

Open the Amazon EventBridge console at Amazon EventBridge Console.

Create a new rule and provide a name and description.

For the Event source, select AWS events or EventBridge Schema.

In Event pattern, select AWS services and choose CloudTrail as the service.

Specify the event type as AWS API Call via CloudTrail.

In the Event source dropdown, select IAM and in the API operation, enter CreateUser.

Add Target:

Add a target and select SNS topic.

Choose the SNS topic you created earlier (IAMCreateUserNotifications).

Configure Permissions:

Ensure that the EventBridge rule has permission to publish to the SNS topic.

This configuration will trigger an email notification whenever an IAM CreateUser API call is made, keeping you informed of new user creations.

References:

Creating an EventBridge Rule That Triggers on an Event

Setting Up a CloudWatch Event to Trigger SNS

Creating CloudTrail Event Rules

The connectivity issues could be due to:

Security Group Ingress Rules:

Ensure that the security group for the RDS database has the correct ingress rules allowing traffic from the web server’s security group or IP address.

Go to the RDS console, select your database instance, and check the security groups.

In the security group settings, verify that the correct port (usually 3306 for MySQL) is open for the web server's IP or security group.

Port Configuration:

Verify that the application is configured to use the correct port that matches the RDS database configuration.

Check the application configuration files to ensure the port number matches the port specified in the RDS instance.

References:

Amazon RDS Security Groups

Troubleshooting RDS Connectivity

Step-by-Step Explanation:

Understand the Problem:

Setting up an AWS managed VPN connection requires creating a customer gateway resource.

The customer gateway device is behind a NAT gateway in the data center.

Analyze the Requirements:

The customer gateway resource needs to be created using an IP address that can be reached by AWS.

Evaluate the Options:

Option A: The private IP address of the customer gateway device.

A private IP address is not reachable by AWS over the internet.

Option B: The MAC address of the NAT device.

MAC addresses are not used for identifying gateways in AWS.

Option C: The public IP address of the customer gateway device.

This would be correct if the device were directly connected to the internet, but it is behind a NAT.

Option D: The public IP address of the NAT device in front of the customer gateway device.

The NAT device's public IP address is reachable by AWS and will route traffic to the customer gateway device.

Select the Best Solution:

Option D: Using the public IP address of the NAT device ensures that AWS can establish a VPN connection with the customer gateway device behind the NAT.

References:

AWS Site-to-Site VPN Documentation

Customer Gateway Devices Behind a NAT

Specifying the public IP address of the NAT device ensures proper routing of VPN traffic to the customer gateway device.

To resolve DNS across VPCs in different accounts, you should:

Authorization: In Account B, initiate a VPC association authorization for the private hosted zone. This action allows another AWS account to associate a VPC with this hosted zone.

Association: In Account A, after receiving the authorization from Account B, associate its VPC with the private hosted zone that exists in Account B. This step will enable EC2 instances within the VPC in Account A to resolve DNS records hosted in Account B.

AWS Documentation Reference:AWS provides detailed guidance on associating VPCs with private hosted zones across accounts in their documentation: Associating VPCs and Private Hosted Zones Across Accounts.

Several factors can affect the availability of an S3 object through a presigned URL:

Expiration of Presigned URL: A presigned URL is valid only until its specified expiration time. Once expired, it becomes inaccessible.

Invalid Access Key: If the access key of the SysOps administrator who generated the presigned URL is revoked or rotated, the URL will no longer be valid.

Other options like enabling Block Public Access or changing the object ACL to All Users are not necessary for presigned URLs, as these URLs temporarily grant access regardless of public bucket settings.

To view the cost details of each project in an AWS account using Cost Explorer, you need to activate cost allocation tags and tag the resources with a project identifier.

Activate Cost Allocation Tags:

Navigate to the AWS Billing and Cost Management console.

In the navigation pane, choose "Cost allocation tags".

Select the tags you want to activate (e.g., "Project") and click "Activate".

Tag Resources with Project Identifier:

Go to the AWS Management Console for each service where resources are deployed (e.g., EC2, S3, RDS).

For each resource, add a tag with the key "Project" and a value that identifies the project (e.g., "ProjectA").

Ensure that all relevant resources are tagged appropriately.

View Cost Allocation in Cost Explorer:

Navigate to the Cost Explorer console.

Use the "Group by" option to group costs by the "Project" tag.

Review the cost details for each project based on the tags applied to the resources.

References:

Using Cost Allocation Tags

Analyzing Your Costs with Cost Explorer

Access to Amazon DynamoDB requires credentials. Those credentials must have permissions to access AWS resources, such as an Amazon DynamoDB table or an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance. The following sections provide details on how you can use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) and DynamoDB to help secure access to your resources. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/amazondynamodb/latest/developerguide/authentication-and-access-control.html

DependsOn Attribute in CloudFormation:

The DependsOn attribute in AWS CloudFormation ensures that one resource is created only after another resource has been successfully created. In this case, it ensures that the EC2 instance is fully launched before the custom resource (the Lambda function) is executed.

Steps:

Update the CloudFormation template to include the DependsOn attribute for the custom resource.

Ensure that the custom resource references the EC2 instance.

Resources:

MyEC2Instance:

Type: AWS::EC2::Instance

Properties:

# EC2 properties

MyCustomResource:

Type: Custom::MyCustomResource

DependsOn: MyEC2Instance

Properties:

ServiceToken: !GetAtt MyLambdaFunction.Arn

# Other properties

To implement a highly available solution that provides the functionality to use a minimum of three On-Demand instances and three Spot instances when prices are at a certain threshold, defining an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group using a launch template is the most suitable solution. This approach minimizes operational overhead by consolidating configuration and management tasks.

Define a Launch Template:

Use the provided AMI in the launch template.

Configure the instance type, key pair, security groups, and other necessary parameters.

Create an Auto Scaling Group:

Use the launch template for the Auto Scaling group.

Specify a desired capacity of three On-Demand instances.

Configure the Auto Scaling group to use mixed instances policies, which allow you to specify a combination of On-Demand and Spot instances.

Set the maximum price for Spot instances in the launch template to ensure that Spot instances are used only when their prices are below the specified threshold.

Configuration Steps:

Open the EC2 console and navigate to "Launch Templates."

Create a new launch template with the necessary configurations.

Navigate to "Auto Scaling Groups" and create a new Auto Scaling group using the launch template.

Configure the desired capacity, minimum capacity, and maximum capacity.

Under "Advanced Options," specify the mixed instances policy and set the maximum price for Spot instances.

References:

Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling Launch Templates

Auto Scaling Mixed Instances Policies

To design a high-traffic static website that is highly available and provides low latency globally, you can use Amazon S3, CloudFront, and Route 53. This solution leverages the global edge locations of CloudFront to deliver content with low latency.

Create an Amazon S3 Bucket:

Open the S3 console at Amazon S3 Console.

Create a new bucket and upload your website content.

Configure S3 for Static Website Hosting:

Go to the Properties tab of your bucket.

Enable Static website hosting and set the index document (e.g., index.html).

Create a CloudFront Distribution:

Open the CloudFront console at Amazon CloudFront Console.

Create a new distribution and set the S3 bucket as the origin.

Configure distribution settings, including caching behaviors and SSL/TLS settings.

Create Route 53 Alias Record:

Open the Route 53 console at Amazon Route 53 Console.

Select the hosted zone for your domain.

Create a new record set, choose ALIAS as the record type, and point it to the CloudFront distribution.

References:

Amazon S3 Static Website Hosting

Creating a CloudFront Distribution

Routing Traffic to a CloudFront Distribution